Industrial fuel plays a vital role in the modern production landscape. Factories rely heavily on various types of fuel to generate the energy needed to operate machinery, assemble goods, and maintain overall operations. From fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas to renewable alternatives such as biomass and solar power, the option of fuel de
Carbon dot nanomaterials (CDNs) have emerged as a sought-after class of nanomaterials with a broad spectrum of applications in various fields. These highly fluorescent nanoparticles exhibit unique optical, electronic, and catalytic properties that arise from their fundamental structure and surface chemistry. These tunable size, shape, and comp
Sputtering is a widespread technique utilized in the fabrication of advanced thin films. Titanium (Ti) sputtering, in particular, has emerged as a leading method due to its ability to deposit high-quality Ti thin films with precise thickness and composition. The process involves bombarding a Ti target with energetic ions, liberating atoms that then